C++ was never intended to be a «perfect» language born from theoretical purity; instead, it emerged from a desperate engineering need. While pursuing his PhD at the University of Cambridge, Bjarne Stroustrup navigated a classic developer’s trade-off between the high-level elegance of Simula and the raw speed of BCPL. He found that while Simula provided… Leer más »
Yann LeCun is not saying that LLMs are useless. That would be too simple. His argument is more precise: language models are very good at manipulating language, code, and other symbolic systems, but they do not appear to be a sufficient path toward intelligence that can act reliably in the physical world. The distinction matters.… Leer más »
Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter (ICAM): El Instituto que Laughlin Ayudó a Crear para Estudiar la Emergencia En 1998, Robert B. Laughlin recibía el Premio Nobel de Física por descubrir que los electrones, bajo ciertas condiciones, pueden organizarse colectivamente para crear nuevas formas de materia con propiedades que no existen en el electrón individual. Aquel… Leer más »
¿Puede la Emergencia Explicar la Realidad? Robert Laughlin y el Nuevo Paradigma de la Física Robert B. Laughlin, premio Nobel de Física 1998, tiene una idea que contradice siglos de pensamiento científico: para entender el universo no debemos buscar partes cada vez más pequeñas — debemos entender cómo la naturaleza se organiza a sí misma.… Leer más »
¿El Futuro Ya Existe? Física Cuántica, Retrocausalidad y el Universo en Bloque ¿Podría el tiempo no fluir en una sola dirección? ¿Existirían el pasado, presente y futuro simultáneamente, como las páginas de un libro que ya está escrito? Neil deGrasse Tyson exploró estas preguntas con su equipo en un episodio de StarTalk, y la respuesta… Leer más »
In 2012, a seminal paper in Research Policy by Brian Uzzi, Satyam Mukherjee, Michael Stringer, and Ben Jones introduced what would become one of the most cited conceptual frameworks in innovation studies: the Adjacent Possible. The idea, originally articulated by Stuart Kauffman in the 1990s, describes the ever-expanding frontier of what can happen next —… Leer más »
A new interdisciplinary research report tackles one of the most profound open questions in science and philosophy: can artificial systems be conscious? The document — a multi-agent synthesis running to over 1,200 pages — draws on neuroscience, artificial intelligence research, philosophy of mind, connectomics, and ethics to examine the evidence for and against the possibility… Leer más »
Executive Summary Research on large language models (LLMs) has uncovered a phenomenon that defies conventional theoretical expectations: the abrupt appearance of sophisticated cognitive capabilities — such as multi-step reasoning, deep contextual understanding, and functional code generation — when models cross certain computational scale thresholds. This phenomenon, termed emergent abilities by Wei et al. (2022), raises… Leer más »
Emergence Across the Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Review From Anderson’s «More is Different» to Large Language Models — A Verified Synthesis Across Physics, Economics, Biology, and Artificial Intelligence Abstract The concept of emergence — the appearance of novel, collective properties in systems composed of many interacting components — has become a central organizing idea across the… Leer más »
Radical Emergence in Biological and Artificial Systems: From the Biosphere to Large Language Models An Interdisciplinary Academic Review of Stuart Kauffman’s Radical Emergence Hypothesis, Biological Self-Organization, and the Unexpected Appearance of Intelligence Abstract The concept of emergence — the appearance of novel properties in complex systems that cannot be reduced to their individual components —… Leer más »